TVo had a great special on Box Jellyfish. It turns out they actually have four eyes which are more advance than human's and can actually hunt their prey. Jellies venom is considered one of the most toxic in the world as it combines three different types of toxins: a cardiotoxin to stop muscle movement and heart beat, a neurotoxin than induces instantaneous extreme pain, and a "blood" venom which causes your red blood cells to explode on contact (hence the scarring). Enzymes release with the venom actually dissolve the prey..bones and all, so that the jellies can eat its micronutrients. Scientist have failed to develop an anti-venom to the sting due to its complexity. However, some fish species and turtles have actually developed an immunity to Jellies.
Some six varieties jellies are practically invisible as they weigh less than one ounce and are about one cm wide. They are as lethal as the larger jellies. Irukandji Syndrome is the deadly disease caused by these tiny jellies and is now found from Australia to the Florida keys to Great Britain.
Others called Nemuras or Giant Jellies are about 12 ft in circumference and about 450 pounds. The Giant Jellies are now considered to be more than 3x times the human population of earth. They used to appear once every 40 yrs around Japan but now are appearing almost continuously and scientists are not sure why the changes are happening(GW? or Pollution such as fertilizers or sewage b/c they thrive in low oxygen environments). Jellies population is adversely affecting the commerical fishing industry in Japan. Japan attempts to slaughter Giant jellies has backfired as death is the ultimate aphrodisiac, when the Giant Jellies dies he/she releases millions of eggs and sperms into the water, to be fertilized in the water then drop to the bottom. The Jellies on the bottom of the ocean go thru a sedentary stage where can asexually reproduce on the bottom for years then release new "free" or "bloomed" jellies into the oceans when triggered by environmental factors.
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